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Summary of US and UN Platforms for Action for Women, 1975-1995 Feminization of Power Mexico City (1975) Achieve equal representation of women in all levels of policy/ decision making Grant equal opportunity, access and education for women to participate in public policy making Grant universal suffrage by 1978 Intemational public administration organs should incorporate women at all levels, especially mid and high levels Increase women's participation in government and nongovernmental organizations
Houston (1977) Increase the number of women in office, including judgeships and policy-making positions Political parties should establish affirmative action programs to recruit women to run for office and adopt written plans to assure equal representation of women in all party activities Improve financial assistance for female delegates and candidates Equal opportunities for appointment to managerial and upper level positions in federally funded cultural institutions such as libraries, museums, universities, public radio and TVand on grantawarding boards, comniissions, and panels Copenhagen (1980) Govemments and parties should establish goals and timetables for increasing representation of women in elective and appointive offices Increase representation of women in international bodies and conferences Eliminate formal and informal practices which result in de facto -discrimination against women in public office Nairobi (1985) Polifical parties and governments should intensify efforts to ensure equality of participation of women in national and legislative bodies and to achieve equity in appointment, election and promotion of women to high posts in legislative, executive, and judiciary branches Establish special office to monitor equal representation of women; collect data on numbers of women in public service Improve women's participation in political parties and trade unions. Increase participation of women in decision making related to health, education, science and technology, peace, and communications Increase appointment of women as diplomats and to decision making positions wit@n UN System Full participation of women in negotiations on international peace and security Women's Linkage Caucus (7/95) Establish gender balance at all levels of government, setting specific targets with a view to achieving equal representation of women and men. (1192a) Ensure equal participation of women and men in political parties. (1193c) Promote measures in electoral systems that integrate women into elected and appointed positions. (I I 92b) Implement policies in the UN to achieve gender parity at all levels by the year 2000. (1195a) Establish databases on women for use in appointing women to senior decision making positions and political parties. (1195c) Recognize that shared work between women and men with regard to parental responsibilities encourages women's participation in public life. (1192i) Create enforcement mechanisms to monitor women's access to senior levels of decision making. (1194b) UN Draft (5/95) Establish gender balance in governmental bodies and committees and [govemment-funded organizations.](192A,H,G). [Urge political parties to integrate women in elected and nonelected positions in equal proportions and levels as men.] (192B) Guarantee equal rights to political activity and freedom of association. (192C) Aim for gender balance in lists of national candidate nominated for positions in LTN bodies. (192J) [Creatc databases on women to use when appointing women to senior level positions.] (196C) Provide leadership training and mentoring systems for women girls. (197A,C) National machineries should promote cooperation among government, private sector, NGOS, and all other parts of civil society; create direct links between bodies working for women's advancement (208B,F) Ensure that all statistics related to individuals are collected, analyzed and presented by sex and age. (209A,B) Support NGOs promoting equality of girls in society. (284B)
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