What Are The Trade-Offs?
The US is number one in military spending compared to all other countries
in the world. According to the UN, we spend 5% of our $6.1 trillion
gross national product (GNP) on the military, far surpassing other Western
industrial nations. (France: 2%; United Kingdom: 4%; Sweden: 2%). At
the same time, the US lags far behind other countries on key socio-economic
indicators, which are measures of the well-being of the American people
as a whole:
A recent study of 18 nations revealed that poor children in the United
States are poorer than the children in most other Western industrialized
nations because the gap between rich and poor is particularly large
in the United States and because social welfare programs here are less
generous than abroad. The US ranks sixteenth out of the 18 countries,
ahead of only Israel and Ireland5.
The Children's Defense Fund estimates that every year of child
poverty at current levels will cost the economy between $36 billion
and $177 billion in lower future productivity and employment
among those who grow up poor. These costs don't include the billions
of additional dollars that will be spent on special education, crime,
foster care, and teenage childbearing resulting from child poverty.
The deteriorating social conditions in the US are exacerbated for
people of color because of the historic legacy of racism. The United
Nations Development Program rates countries by a Human Development Index
(HDI) that measures life expectancy, literacy, education, and GDP per
capita. In 1993, they found that when the HDI of the US was broken down
by race, its ranking changed dramatically: first place for whites; 31st
for African Americans (along with Trinidad and Tobego) and 35th for
Hispanics (comparable to Estonia).
World military spending is still over $700 billion a year which equals
the income of nearly half the world's people6. This continuing
high level of resources going into the military is having a huge impact
on women all over the world by draining resources that could be spent
on human needs. For instance, at a cost of less than half their military
expenditures, the developing countries could have a package of basic
health services that would save ten million lives a year7.
U.S. Rank Among 140 Countries
| Social Development |
|
| Population with safe water (percent) |
1 |
| Literacy rate |
4 |
| GNP per capita |
6 |
| Economic-Social Standing |
9 |
| Public education expenditures per capita |
9 |
| Life expectancy (years) |
10 |
| Public health expenditures per capita |
11 |
| School-age population per teacher |
12 |
| Population with family planning (percent) |
15 |
| Infant mortality rate |
21 |
| Population per physician |
22 |
| Economic aid given as a percent of GNP |
24 |
| Population with sanitation (percent) |
25 |
| |
|
| Military Power |
|
| Arms exports |
1 |
| Military Expenditures |
1 |
| Military Technology |
1 |
| Military bases worldwide |
1 |
| Military training of foreign forces |
1 |
| Military aid to foreign countries |
1 |
| Naval fleet |
1 |
| Combat aircraft |
1 |
| Nuclear reactors |
1 |
| Nuclear warheads and bombs |
1 |
| Armed forces |
3 |
[From World Military and Social Expenditures, 1993]
|